Prosopis velutina

Native Mesquite, Velvet Mesquite

Tree

This large, deciduous tree loses its leaves with the first cold spell and does not begin putting out leaves until mid-March. Its growth rate depends on availability of water and is largest in natural areas and cold air sinks. The old bark is rough and the twigs are nubby where the leaves attach. The leaves are smaller than other species in this genus. It hybridizes very easily. The foliage is soft and gray-green, giving a velvety appearance from a distance.

Temperature

Hardy to 5F.

Water requirements

Widely tolerant once established, but best if root zone is soaked monthly during long hot dry periods. Occasional soaks during dry winters help maintain vigor. Can control tree size with water.

Sun

Full to reflected sun.

Soil

Widely tolerant. Best in deep soil with a high water table. Make sure planting holes in caliche or clay soils have drainage.

Maintenance

Periodic to none depending on location.

Disadvantages

Drops something all the time, including sap, which is blackish and will stain if not removed quickly. Invasive roots. Non-irrigated trees can spread their roots to irrigated parts of a landscape, heaving terraces and walls in the way. If planted near the house, roots may seek out water from plumbing links under the house, causing problems. Allergenic. Occasional infestation of scale and mistletoe. Rabbits will strip bark of young plants. Opportunist.

Bloom

Yellow or white catkins in spring.

Fruit or Seeds

Thin seed pod forms after bloom.

Uses

Seeds are ground for flour. The wood has a dark, rich, irregular grain that is used for furniture. Provides filtered shade.

Origin

Native to Arizona and Sonora, Mexico. Member of the Fabaceae (Leguminosae) family.

Themes

Native, Desert Grassland, Desert, Desert Transitional, Edible, Butterflies.

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